Trump approves nuclear cooperation deal with Saudi Arabia to transfer technology

U.S. President Donald Trump has approved a preliminary agreement with Saudi Arabia that allows for the transfer of nuclear technology and potentially grants the Kingdom uranium enrichment capabilities. The deal, confirmed by Washington on Sunday, 26 July, establishes the framework for civil nuclear cooperation between the two nations as Saudi Arabia seeks to diversify its energy mix through the construction of nuclear power reactors. Nuclear Technology Transfer Framework The agreement, often referred to as a "123 Agreement" under the U.S. Atomic Energy Act, is a legal prerequisite for any significant transfer of nuclear material or equipment from the United States. While the Saudi government has stated its intention to use nuclear energy for peaceful domestic power generation, the inclusion of potential enrichment capabilities serves as a departure from the "gold standard" usually sought by U.S. negotiators, which typically prohibits partner nations from enriching their own fuel. Saudi Arabia plans to build two nuclear power plants as part of a broader strategy to reduce its reliance on domestic oil consumption. By generating electricity through nuclear energy, the Kingdom aims to free up more of its crude oil production for international export markets. According to official project timelines, the Kingdom has invited bids from international firms, including American, Russian, South Korean, and Chinese entities, for the multi-billion dollar construction contracts. Strategic…